Overview

Cefuroxime Axetil is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration.
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of cefuroxime axetil and other antibacterial drugs, cefuroxime axetil should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria.

Indications

Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis, Acute Bacterial Otitis Media, Urinary Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Lyme Disease (erythema migrans).

Side Effects

Upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhea,stomach pain.

Dosage

Below 40 ℃.Protect from Sunlight.

Storage

• Store below 25 degree celcius in a dry place.
• Protect from light.
• Keep in the pack until required.
• Do not use later than the date of expiry.
• KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

Pharmacology

Cefuroxime is a B-lactam type antibiotic. More specifically, it is a second-generation cephalosporin. Cephalosporins work the same way as penicillins: they interfere with the peptidoglycan synthesis of the bacterial wall by inhibiting the final transpeptidation needed for the cross-links. This effect is bactericidal. Cefuroxime is effective against the following organisms: Aerobic Gram-positive Microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes. Aerobic Gram-negative Microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains). Spirochetes: Borrelia burgdorferi. Cefuroxime axetil is the prodrug.
Absorption: It is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption is greater when taken after food (absolute bioavailability increases from 37% to 52%).
Protein Binding: 50% to serum protein.
Metabolism:The axetil moiety is metabolized to acetaldehyde and acetic acid.
Half Life:Its half life is Approximately 80 minutes following intramuscular or intravenous injection.

Mechanism of Action

Cefuroxime, like the penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefuroxime interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability	37% on empty stomach, up to 52% if taken after food
Half-Life	80 minutes
Excretion	Urine 66-100% Unchanged

Interactions

Elevated carbamazepine levels have been reported when tablet is administrated concomitantly with carbamazepine salt and with warfarin and anticoagulantsdrugs, the prothrombin time is increased when this tablet is administrated concomitantly. Ofloxacin from chelates with alkaline earth and transition metal cations when administrated with antacids containing calcium, magnesium or aluminium, with sucralphate, with divalent or trivalent cations such as iron, or with multivitamins containing zinc. Elevated serum levels of cyclosporine have been reported with concomitant use of cyclosporine with some other quinolones.